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- A Catalogue of Constellation Boundary Data
-
-
- A.C. Davenhall [1]
- S.K. Leggett [2,3]
-
-
- February 1990
-
-
- Abstract
-
- A computer readable catalogue of constellation boundary data is
- presented in a form suitable for the construction of star charts and
- atlases. Two files are available, one for equator and equinox 1875 and
- the other for equator and equinox 2000.
-
-
-
- 1 INTRODUCTION
-
- The definitive list of constellation boundary data was published by Delporte
- (1930). A computer-readable catalogue compiled from these data has been
- produced by Roman (1987) and is available from the International Network
- of Astronomical Data Centers (catalogue number 6042). However, the format
- of this catalogue has been chosen to facilitate locating the constellation in
- which a given object lies and is unsuited to the construction of star charts
- and atlases. The present catalogue was also constructed from Delporte's lists,
- but the files are arranged in a format suitable for constructing star charts
- and atlases.
- Two files are available in a computer-readable form. The first gives the
- boundaries as delineated by Delporte, in their original orientation, 1875. The
- second file gives the boundaries computed for equator and equinox 2000. In
- equator and equinox 1875 the lines joining the corners of the constellations
- were great circles of right ascension and parallels of declination. However,
- precession to equator and equinox 2000 distorts the boundaries so that they
- no longer lie along lines of constant right ascension or declination. Thus,
- prior to precession to equator and equinox 2000, points were interpolated at
- one degree intervals along the boundaries in order that they should continue
- to enclose the same area of sky (and thus the same set of stars).
-
-
- 2 THE CATALOGUE
-
- Brief details of the two files of the catalogue are given below.
-
- _________________________________
- [1] Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, Scotland.
- [2] Dept. of Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ,
- Scotland.
- [3] Present address, US Naval Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA.
-
-
-
- 1
-
-
- 2.1 Equator and equinox 1875 file
-
- The data in this file was taken directly from Delporte with the exception that
- several extra points were added to the constellation Octans (which covers the
- South Pole) in order to facilitate plotting in some projections. These extra
- points `traverse' the line of 0hr right ascension to the Pole and `return' at
- 24hr.
- The file consists of the right ascension and declination of every corner of
- every constellation. Each record consists of a single point along the con-
- stellation boundary and contains the right ascension and declination of the
- point and an abbreviation identifying the constellation of which it is a part.
- The abbreviations used to identify each constellation are taken from Delporte,
- and for completeness they are listed together with the full name in Table 1.
- All the abbreviations consist of three characters except those for Serpens
- Caput and Serpens Cauda which contain four. All records referring to a given
- constellation occur contiguously in the file. Successive records correspond to
- successive points along the constellation boundary. The last point in the
- constellation should be joined to the first. Table 2 gives details of the
- structure of each record.
- The following fragment of FORTRAN could be used to read a single
- record from the file
-
- REAL RA, DEC
- CHARACTER*4 CONNAM
- .
- .
- .
- READ(13, 1000) RA, DEC, CONNAM
- 1000 FORMAT(F8.5, 1X, F9.5, 1X, A4)
- .
- .
- .
-
-
- 2.2 Equator and equinox 2000 file
-
- In equator and equinox 1875, lines joining the corners of constellations are
- either great circles of right ascension or parallels of declination. When the
- coordinates are converted to equator and equinox 2000, the boundaries are
- distorted by precession so that they no longer lie along lines of constant right
- ascension or declination. In order that the new boundaries should enclose the
- same area of sky (and thus include the same stars) it is necessary that points
- should be interpolated along the boundary prior to calculating the precession.
- Thus the orientation 2000 file was generated from the orientation 1875 file
- with points interpolated at one-degree intervals along the boundaries. When
- the file is used to construct a chart, a smooth curve should be drawn through
- the interpolated points (but obviously not through those original points that
- define corners).
- Records in the file are ordered into constellations and successive corners
- within each constellation in a similar fashion to the orientation 1875 file.
- Table 3 lists the details of the structure of each record. Like the orienta-
- tion 1875 file, each record contains the right ascension and declination of a
- point together with an abbreviation for the constellation to which it belongs.
- However an additional field indicates whether the point is an original point
- taken directly from Delporte (code `O') or an interpolated point (code `I').
- It should be noted that original points can be points along a meridian or
- parallel where three constellations meet as well as corners.
-
- 2
-
-
- The following fragment of FORTRAN could be used to read a single
- record from the file
-
- REAL RA, DEC
- CHARACTER*4 CONNAM
- CHARACTER*1 TYPE
- .
- .
- .
- READ(13, 1001) RA, DEC, CONNAM, TYPE
- 1001 FORMAT(F10.7, 1X, F11.7, 1X, A4, 1X A1)
- .
- .
- .
-
-
- 3 DISCUSSION
-
- The present catalogue of constellation boundary data is complementary to
- that of Roman (1987). Roman's catalogue should be used to determine which
- constellation an object lies in. The present catalogue is more suited to the
- construction of star charts and atlases.
-
-
- 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
-
- We are grateful to Mr D.A. Pickup for useful discussions about the format
- of Delporte's lists and the effect of precession on the shape of the constel-
- lation boundaries and to Dr W.H. Warren Jr for several useful suggestions.
- All computations were carried out on the Starlink VAX 11/780 at the Royal
- Observatory Edinburgh, and the catalogue was precessed using the SCAR
- astronomical database software available within the Starlink software collec-
- tion. This work was carried out as part of a contract with the Edinburgh
- publishers John Bartholomew and Son Ltd. to provide data for a revised
- edition of `Norton's Star Atlas'.
-
-
- 5 REFERENCES
-
- Delporte, E. 1930, Delimitation Scientifique des Constellations (Cambridge:
- Cambridge University Press).
-
- Roman, N.G. 1987, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 99_, pp695-699.
-
-
-
- 3
-
-
- _______________________________________________________________
- | Abbrev. | Constellation Name | | Abbrev. | Constellation Name |
- |_________|____________________|_|_________|____________________|
- | AND | Andromeda | | LEO | Leo |
- | ANT | Antila | | LMI | Leo Minor |
- | APS | Apus | | LEP | Lepus |
- | AQR | Aquarius | | LIB | Libra |
- | AQL | Aquila | | LUP | Lupus |
- | ARA | Ara | | LYN | Lynx |
- | ARI | Aries | | LYR | Lyra |
- | AUR | Auriga | | MEN | Mensa |
- | BOO | Bootes | | MIC | Microscopium |
- | CAE | Caelum | | MON | Monoceros |
- | CAM | Camelopardis | | MUS | Musca |
- | CNC | Cancer | | NOR | Norma |
- | CVN | Canes Venatici | | OCT | Octans |
- | CMA | Canis Major | | OPH | Ophiuchus |
- | CMI | Canis Minor | | ORI | Orion |
- | CAP | Capricornus | | PAV | Pavo |
- | CAR | Carina | | PEG | Pegasus |
- | CAS | Cassiopeia | | PER | Perseus |
- | CEN | Centaurus | | PHE | Phoenix |
- | CEP | Cepheus | | PIC | Pictor |
- | CET | Cetus | | PSC | Pisces |
- | CHA | Chamaeleon | | PSA | Pisces Austrinus |
- | CIR | Circinus | | PUP | Puppis |
- | COL | Columba | | PYX | Pyxis |
- | COM | Coma Berenices | | RET | Reticulum |
- | CRA | Corona Australis | | SGE | Sagitta |
- | CRB | Corona Borealis | | SGR | Sagittarius |
- | CRV | Corvus | | SCO | Scorpius |
- | CRT | Crater | | SCL | Sculptor |
- | CRU | Crux | | SCT | Scutum |
- | CYG | Cygnus | | SER1 | Serpens Caput |
- | DEL | Delphinus | | SER2 | Serpens Cauda |
- | DOR | Dorado | | SEX | Sextans |
- | DRA | Draco | | TAU | Taurus |
- | EQU | Equuleus | | TEL | Telescopium |
- | ERI | Eridanus | | TRI | Triangulum |
- | FOR | Fornax | | TRA | Triangulum Australe|
- | GEM | Gemini | | TUC | Tucana |
- | GRU | Grus | | UMA | Ursa Major |
- | HER | Hercules | | UMI | Ursa Minor |
- | HOR | Horologium | | VEL | Vela |
- | HYA | Hydra | | VIR | Virgo |
- | HYI | Hydrus | | VOL | Volans |
- | IND | Indus | | VUL | Vulpecula |
- | LAC | Lacerta | | | |
- |_________|____________________|_|_________|____________________|
-
- Table 1: Abbreviations for constellation names.
-
- 4
-
-
-
-
- _____________________________
- | Number of records | 1566 |
- | Record size (bytes) | 25 |
- |_____________________|_______|______________________________
- | Field | Units | Starting byte | Format |
- |_________________|_________________|_______________|________|
- | Right ascension | Decimal hours | 1 | F8.5 |
- | Declination | Decimal degrees | 10 | F9.5 |
- | Constellation | | 20 | A4 |
- | Type of point | | 25 | A1 |
- |_________________|_________________|_______________|________|
-
-
- Table 2: Format of equator and equinox 1875 file.
-
-
-
- ______________________________
- | Number of records | 13422 |
- | Record size (bytes) | 29 |
- |_____________________|________|_____________________________
- | Field | Units | Starting byte | Format |
- |_________________|_________________|_______________|________|
- | Right ascension | Decimal hours | 1 | F10.7 |
- | Declination | Decimal degrees | 12 | F11.7 |
- | Constellation | | 24 | A4 |
- | Type of point | | 29 | A1 |
- |_________________|_________________|_______________|________|
-
-
- Table 3: Format of equator and equinox 2000 file.
-
-
-
- 5
-
-